Tokyo is the capital and one of the prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is a megalopolis with a surface area of 600 km² and a population of 38505000 million making it the largest city in the world. It is also the most expensive city to live in according to recent research. It is located in the central part of Honshu on the shore of Tokyo Bay an inlet of the Pacific Ocean at the mouth of the Sumida River.

The port city of Tokyo on the shores of Tokyo Bay was known as Edo. Edo Castle emerged in Japanese history in the 12th century as the home of the powerful samurai clan the Edo family. In 1603 Tokugawa Ieyasu founder of the Tokugawa Shogunate made Edo the capital of the shogun's rule. Under the shogunate regime Edo developed into the center of Japan's cultural economic and political sphere.

Emperor Meiji who ended the shogun's rule in 1868 migrated from Kyoto to the old shogun's palace in the Edo castle with the emperor's edict on September 3 1868 naming it Edo and changing the name of the city to Tokyo because it was the capital in the east from the old capital Kyoto.

Tokyo suffered greatly from the earthquake on September 12 1923. After the earthquake the city was rebuilt and suburbs began to form around it during this period. Twenty years later II. It was destroyed again by heavy bombardment by US planes in World War II.

After the 1950s Tokyo showed a development parallel to the country's economy and grew rapidly and reached its current level.

The Tokyo mainland is located northwest of Tokyo Bay spanning approximately 90 km from east to west and 25 km from north to south. Tokyo's average altitude is 40 meters. It is bordered by Chiba prefectures to the east Yamanashi to the west Kanagawa to the south and Saitama prefectures to the north.

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